2ndQ Lesson 1: Endogenic Processes

Geological processes that occur beneath the surface of the Earth

Types/Classification of Endogenic Processes: (6)

The heat that drives convection

Two main sources of Internal heat:

The formation and movement of magma under the earth’s crust

Factors influencing Magma Formation: (4)

The eruption of molten rock from inside the Earth to the surface. Surface expression of magmatism

Alters the composition or structure of rocks. It occurs when rocks are subjected to increased temperature and pressure

Any change in the shape or size of a rock as a response to stress

It occurs when rocks are subjected to tectonic forces from opposite sides

It is the result of the fracture or displacement of rock layers along a fault plane

Fracture or break in Earths crust where earthquakes are most likely to occur repeatedly

The force applied to rocks is called __________

3 types of stress:

When two plates move away from each other– pulls and stretches rock

When two plates are pushing toward each other– squeezes rock causing it to fold or break

When two blocks of rock are pushing in opposite directions– sliding motion causes rock to break or change shape

Is the block that sits on the fault plane and the footwall is the block that lies below the fault plane

It shows vertical movement of the hanging wall and footwall

A kind of dip-slip fault where the hanging wall moved downward with respect to the footwall. It is caused by tensional stress

A kind of dip-slip fault where the hanging wall moved upward with respect to the footwall. It is caused by compressional stress

Involves mostly horizontal movement of rocks along the fault plane

Both dip slip and strike slip movement are observed. It happens when tension or compression plus shear stress act together

Sudden shaking or vibration in the earths crust