Digestion
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Define Digestion
the breaking down of large insoluble molecules into small soluble food molecules
What is the test for identifying proteins
Biuret test
What is the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach
Oesophagus
Define peristalsis
Muscular contractions of the gut wall that push food along the oesophagus
What is protein digested by (which enzyme)
Protease
What is protein broken down into
amino acids
Define absorption
Able to dissolve
What is visking tubing
Material with a selectively permeable membrane that is used to model absorption in the gut (usually models small intestine)
What enzyme breaks down lipids
Lipase
What are lipids broken down into
Fatty acids and glycerol
What is starch broken down by
Amylase or carbohydrase
What is starch broken down into
glucose
Define emulsification
The breaking down of large fat droplets into smaller fat droplets by bile
What are the villi
structures in the small intestine which greatly increase the surface area for absorption
what colours from and to does a starch test turn if iodine is present
brown to blue/blacj
what colours from and to does a protein test turn if biurets is present
blue to brick red
what colours from and to does a glucose test turn if benedict’s is present
blue to violet
what happens in the mouth
• starch digestion begins • amylase in saliva breaks down into glucose
what happens in the oesophagus
• food is forced down from the mouth to the stomach by contractions called peristalsis
what happens in the stomach
• protein digestion begins as protease enzymes secreted by the stomach breaks down proteins into amino acids
what happens in the liver
bile is secreted and bile emulsifies fats
what happens in the hall bladder
• stores bile
what happens in the bile duct
transports bile to the small intestine
what happens in the large intestine
absorbs water