Lipids
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What is the molecular makeup of lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (less oxygen in lipids compared to carbohydrates.
What is the structural composition of lipids?
Triglyceride made up of glycerol and 3 fatty acids.
How would we draw a lipid?
What is the main role of lipids?
Energy storage
1g=__kJ
37
What are the 3 biological roles of a lipid?
• Storage of excess energy • Source of energy • Insulating material-subcutaneous fat layer reduces heat loss
What do lipids form in marine animals?
Forms blubber in marine mammals-helps with buoyancy.
How do lipids help our organs?
Forms proetctive layers around internal organs- eg. kidneys
What is the function of lipids in cell membranes?
Structural component of cell membranes (phospholipids)
A phospholipid bilayer with _______ and hydrophilic sections.
Hydrophobic
How do lipids help in plants?
Waterproofing-cuticle in plants and anthropods.
How do lipids help with vitamins?
Absorption of fat soluble vitamins (A,D,E.K)
How do lipids help with hormones?
Form sex hormones such as oestrogen, progesteron and testerone.
How do lipids help in animals like camels?
Source of water hen broken down by metabolic activity.
What’s the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
In Saturated fat, there are only single bonds between the carbons, the carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogens.
What are saturated fats? (3)
• Fats from animals • Solid at room temperature • Linked to high blood cholesterol and heart disease
What are unsaturated fats? (3)
• Fats from plants • Liquid at room temperature • Healthier than saturated fats
What is the function of cholesterol in your body? (2)
• It helps to keep the membrane fluid. • It is used to form cell membranes
What is cholesterol?
Organic chemical susbtsance improtant in cell membranes and high levels of this eads to the hardening and narrowing of arteries.
What is the test for lipids called?
Emulsion test
What happens in the emulsion test?
The indicator, ethanol + water turns milky/opaque.