Back to marketplace

Trace/toxic Elements

No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.

Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Essential element

Back (Answer)

If a deficiency impairs a biochemical or functional process and replacement of the element corrects this impairment

#2
Front (Question)

Trace elements vs ultratrace elements

Back (Answer)

• Trace = needed in mg/dl • Ultratrace = needed in microgram/dl

#3
Front (Question)

Non-essential trace elements

Back (Answer)

Many are toxic and are thus of medical interest

#4
Front (Question)

List 5 important factors of elements that are important to the clinical significance of disease states or toxicity

Back (Answer)

• Absorption • Transport • Distribution • Metabolism • Elimination

#5
Front (Question)

Which blood collection tube is used for sample collection/processing upon suspicion of trace elements?

Back (Answer)

Royal blue stopper with or without EDTA

#6
Front (Question)

List trace element analytical methods

Back (Answer)

• Atomic emission spectroscopy • Atomic absorption spectroscopy • Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

#7
Front (Question)

Atomic emission spectroscopy

Back (Answer)

• Quantify element by measuring intensity of emitted radiation from aerosolized sample • Setup similar to spectrophotometer (flame or plasma -> light emission -> monochromator -> detector)

#8
Front (Question)

Atomic absorption spectroscopy

Back (Answer)

• Quantify element by measuring absorption of optical radiation by free atoms in gas phase • Setup similar to spectrophotometer

#9
Front (Question)

Atomic absorption spectroscopy light sources

Back (Answer)

• Usually hollow cathode lamps (HCLs) and electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs) • Flame and graphite furnaces most common sources

#10
Front (Question)

ID the element Most abundant metal in earth’s crust Widely used in industrial and household ways Corrosion-resistant Lightweight

Back (Answer)

Aluminum

#11
Front (Question)

Aluminum mode of absorption

Back (Answer)

• Ingestion • Inhalation • Parenteral • NOT TRANSDERMAL

#12
Front (Question)

What percent of aluminum concentrates in bone and lung?

Back (Answer)

50% bone and 25% lung

#13
Front (Question)

Aluminum health effects and toxicity

Back (Answer)

• Interferes with enzyme activity • Encephalopathy, anemia, bone disease, progressive dementia

#14
Front (Question)

ID the element Both metallic and non-metallic properties In pesticides, pigments, manufacturing processes (wood-preservation) Odorless/tasteless

Back (Answer)

Arsenic

#15
Front (Question)

Arsenic’s largest source of exposure

Back (Answer)

Food One of the most common poisons in history

#16
Front (Question)

Arsenic absorption/transport

Back (Answer)

• Ingestion and inhalation • Hepatic metabolism

#17
Front (Question)

Clearance of organic versus inorganic arsenic

Back (Answer)

• Organic arsenic rapidly cleared • Inorganic and methylated forms are toxic

#18
Front (Question)

ID the element Found in rice Soft, bluish-white metal - can be cut with knife Used in industry, contaminates soil

Back (Answer)

Cadmium

#19
Front (Question)

Cadmium absorption

Back (Answer)

• Ingestion (5%) • Inhalation (10-50%) • Higher in females + smokers than males + non-smokers bc iron stores different

#20
Front (Question)

Urine accounts for ___% of cadmium excretion and __% in bile

Back (Answer)

• 95% • 2%

#21
Front (Question)

Cadmium health effects and toxicity

Back (Answer)

• No role in human physiology • Affects liver, bone, immune system, blood, pulmonary, and nervous systems (everything)

#22
Front (Question)

ID the element Used in making stainless steel Has essential and toxic forms based on oxidation state

Back (Answer)

Chromium

#23
Front (Question)

Chromium absorption/transport

Back (Answer)

• Ingestion • Inhalation • Skin • Transported bound to albumin and transferrin

#24
Front (Question)

Which forms of cadmium are essential or toxic?

Back (Answer)

Cr3+ is essential Cr6+ is toxic and easier to absorb