Rate of reaction
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What does a catalyst do?
increases the rate of the reaction
Is a catalyst changed in a reaction?
no, it is unchanged at the end of the reaction
How does a catalyst speed up a reaction?
by providing an alternative pathway with a lower activation energy
What is the effect of increasing concentration on the rate of reaction? Why?
• increases rate of the reaction • number of reactant particles increases • increased chance of successful collisions
What is the effect of increasing pressure on gases on the rate of reaction? Why?
• increases rate of reaction • number of particles in a given volume increases • increased chance of successful collisions
What is the effect of increasing surface area of solids on the rate of reaction? Why?
• increases rate of reaction • when solids react, it occurs on substance surface • more surface area exposed
What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the rate of reaction? Why?
• increases rate of reaction • particles gain more kinetic energy, move faster • particles collide more often • more chance of a successful collision
What must occur for a ‘successful’ chemical reaction to take place?
• particles must collide • collide with correct orientation • collide with sufficient KE
In collision theory, what is the relationship between concentration and RoR?
directly proportional
In collision theory, what happens to the RoR when particles get a higher KE?
particles with more energy mean more collisions are successful, increasing collision rate
What is activation energy?
the minimum energy requires for a reaction to happen
What happens if particles collide more frequently with each other?
more collisions are successful, increases RoR
What are 2 ways to investigate the rate of reaction?
• change in mass of a reactant/product • formation of a gas