Chapter 1C - Fuel for the Body

• essential for survival • provides nutrients for energy, growth, repair/ regulation of body processes • metabolism gives molecules critical molecules for biological functioning • energy stored in chemical bonds

• simple carbohydrate • primary source of energy for almost all living things • produced by plants through photosynthesis & reacts in cells through cellular respiration to release energy

• endothermic process • plants, algae & certain bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds • 6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l) → C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) + 6O₂(g) • sunlight absorbed by green pigment chlorophyll

• exothermic process • organisms (plants/animals) convert glucose into energy • occurs in all living things providing energy for cellular processes • carbohydrates in food broken down through digestion to produce glucose. • in animals, glucose absorbed into bloodstream and transported to cells • glucose undergoes oxidation • C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) + 6O₂(g) → 6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l)