Animal tissue (10)
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What is epithelial tissue?
Tissue that lines the cavities and surfaces of the body.
What is endothelium?
Epithelial tissue that lines the internal body surfaces.
What is the basement membrane?
A strong support layer of epithelial tissue made up of collagen fibres.
What is squamous epithelial?
Consists of a layer of thin, flattened cells. Irregular shape. Nucleus in centre. Found in mouth and oesophagus. Good for diffusion and protects and gives support to underlying tissue.
What is Columnar and Ciliated Columnar epithelial?
Long and column shaped. Nucleus at base of cell. Cilia at free edges. Nostrils, trachea. Plays a role in absorption of digested food and goblet cells secrete mucous that lubricates intestines to help food move through.
What is cuboidal epithelial?
Roughly square shaped, spherical nucleus, found in ducts of glands like kidneys. Secretes hormones in ducts of glands. In kidney tubules they absorb substances.
Cilia?
Microscopic hair-like structures.
Secrete?
When the body releases a useful substance, e.g. an enzyme or hormone
What is connective tissue?
Tissue that supports and joins other tissues. Consists of cells scattered in an intercellular matrix.
Areolar connective tissue? (part of soft/loose connective tissue)
Found under skin loosely connecting skin to underlying muscles. Attaches organs loosely together. Attaches the layers of nerves, muscles and blood vessels
What kind of matrix is in areolar connective tissue?
Jelly-like
What are the two types of fibres found in this matrix?
White, inelastic collagen fibres in unbranched, parallel bundles and Yellow, elastic elastin fibres, branched, individually arranged.
What types of cells are scattered in this matrix?
Fibroblasts, macrophages and mast cells and connective tissue cells.
Fibroblasts?
They make elastic fibres and secrete collagen.
Macrophages?
They engulf bacteria by phagocytosis.
Mast cells?
They secrete anticoagulants.
Connective tissue cells?
They store fat.
What is the function of Areolar connective tissue?
Loosely binds adjacent structures to each other.
Draw Areolar connective tissue.
In slides.
What is Adipose connective tissue? (part of soft/loose connective tissue)
Stores fat. Around the heart, kidneys, etc. Behind the eyeballs, under the skin.
What is the function of Adipose connective tissue?
Insulation and protection of internal organs.
What is Dense connective tissue?
Dense connective consists of large numbers of fibres that run more or less parallel to one another.
Tendons?
When the largest number of fibres are white, inelastic, collagen fibres, these tissues are known as TENDONS and join muscle to bone. This is white fibrous connective tissue
Ligaments?
When the largest number of fibres are yellow, elastic, elastin fibres, the tissues are known as LIGAMENTS and join bone to bone. This is yellow elastic connective tissue