haloalkanes
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define nucleophile
electron pair donator
what is the reaction for haloalkanes?
nucleophilic substitution
hydrolysis definition
breaking of bonds using water
what happens to the rate of hydrolysis down the group?
• rate of hydrolysis increases • as the strength of the carbon-haloalkane bond decreases • so less energy required to break the bonds
what happens to the rate of hydrolysis of primary, secondary and tertiary haloalkanes
• rate of hydrolysis increases - as the number of steps in the mechanism increases
how do CFCs deplete the ozone layer?
• breaks carbon- halogen bonds in CFCs by homolytic fission to form radicals • this reacts with ozone and so breaks it down
list 3 sources of CFCs in the atmosphere
• refrigerators • air conditioners • aerosols