Chapter 8-Finals
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Covalent bonds definition
involve the sharing of electrons between atoms
Why do atoms form covalent bonds
Because the atoms want to have a complete octet
Are there ions involved in covalent bonds?
NO
Covalent bonds tend to form between what type of atom?
Tend to form between the atoms of two or more nonmetals
Molecule definition
2 or more nonmetals held tightly together by a covalent bond
Diatomic molecule
a molecule consisting of 2 atoms
Name some important diatomic molecules
H2, N2, O2, Br2, I2, F2, Cl2
Molecular compound
A compound made up of nonmetals
Do molecular compounds tend to have low or high melting and boiling points?
Tend to have low melting and boiling points
What state do many molecular compounds take on at room temperature?
Many are gasses or liquids at room temperature
Molecular formula definition
Chemical formula of a molecular compound
What does a molecular formula show
Shows the kinds and numbers of atoms present in a molecule of a substance
Does a molecular formula provide information about a molecule’s structure?
It doesn’t provide information about a molecule’s structure
Are subscripts always in the lowest whole number ratios in a molecular formula?
Subscripts aren’t necessarily in the lowest whole number ratios
Empirical formula definition
when the subscripts are in lowest whole number ratios
Are all molecular compounds composed of atoms of two or more different elements?
Yes
Do all compounds contain molecules?
No
Do any elements exist as molecules?
Yes
Are most molecular compounds composed of two or more nonmetallic elements?
Yes
Do atoms in molecular compounds share electrons?
Yes
Do molecular compounds tend to have higher or lower boiling points than ionic compounds?
Lower
Single covalent bond
the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms
Double covalent bond
the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms
Triple covalent bond
the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms