Chapter 18
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What does the name Craniata refer to?
Presence of a cranium (skull)
What other name is used for the animals in the subphylum Craniata?
Vertebrata
What does the name vertebrata refer to?
Having a vertebral column
What is the function of the cranium?
Protection of sensory organs, structural support, muscle attachment
Are all fishes part of a single evolutionary lineage within craniates? Be able to explain.
No fishes represent five different evolutionary lineages within craniates
What is the name Cyclostomata referring to?
Round mouth
What other name is used for the group of fishes cyclostomata?
Agnatha
What does the name agnatha refer to?
No jaw
What are the two groups of fishes in the class Cyclostomata?
*Hagfishes *Lampreys
How are their lifestyles different?
*Hagfishes live in marine life, they are important scavengers on dead or dying prey *Lampreys live in freshwater, but some species are anadromous and live in the ocean as adults while migrating into rivers and lakes to spawn and die (parasitic) (invasive species)
What is a scavenger?
Consuming the bodies of dead or dying animals that sink to the seafloor
How do hagfishes defend themselves?
By producing slime and escaping predators, slime coats the gills of the predator when trying to biting the hagfish which causes the predator to release the hagfish unharmed.