C5
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
In the table of ions what os the forst column
+1 Simple ions( group 1 ): Na+, Li+, K+, H+ Polyatomic ions: NH4+ ( ammonium )
Innthe table of ions what is in column 2
+2 Simple ions: Mg2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Zn2+
In the table of ions what is in column 3
3+ Simple ions: Al3+
In the table of ions what is in collumn 4
1- Simple ions ( group 7 ): Cl-, Br-, I- Polyatomic: NO3- ( nitrate )
In the table of ions what is in collumn 5
2- Simple ions: O2- Polyatomic: SO4 2- ( sulphate ), CO3 2- (carbonate )
What has happened to the metals in many of these ores?
They have been chemically bonded to other elements in compounds. Many have been oxidised to form their oxides.
Give an example of oxidation..
Iron + oxygen -> iron (III) oxide
What must you do to extract metals from their oxide form?
You must reduce them (oxygen is removed).
What is the reactivity series?
This is a list of metals in order of their reactivity, the most reactive are at the top and least reactive are at the bottom.
What can you use to help find the reactivity of metals?
Water or dilute acid
What happens when you react the metals with water?
The most reactive will give off a slight fizz, then a slow reaction, slight reaction with steam and finally the least reactive won’t react with water
How to find which metals are most reactive with dilute acid?
Most reactive: Explosion Fizz, giving of Hydrogen gas + salt React slowly No reaction - least reactive
How can you find if hydrogen gas is given of from an equation?
You can use the squeaky pop test with a lighted splint
What are Ores?
These are rocks from which you can extract the metals found in the periodic table from.
What happens in a displacement reaction?
A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its aqueous solution
When would nothing happen in a displacement reaction?
When the more reactive metal is already in solution
What can copper and hydrogen be used for in displacement reactions?
They can be used for seeing what metals are more and less reactive than them for the reactivity series
What does OILRIG mean?
Oxidation is loss (of electrons), reduction is gain (of electrons)
What is an ionic equation?
This is only showing the atoms that gained or lost electrons with another reactant
What is a half equation?
This is where you only show what happened in terms of electrons to each reactant
Why do we extract metal from ores?
Because there’s enough metal inside to make it economic to do so.
Why is gold and some other metals found in its native state?
Because it is so unreactive it didn’t even react with anything to make the ore.
How does carbon help extract metal from ores?
Anything less reactive than carbon can be extracted through a displacement reaction with it.
How are metals more reactive than carbon extracted?
Electrolysis (we don’t need to know this yet)