CCEA Glossary of Terms
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atomic number
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
mass number
total number of protons and neutrons in (the nucleus of an atom.
Isotopes
atoms which have the same number of protons (so they are atoms of the same element) but they have a different number of neutrons (so they have a different mass number).
Cation
positive ion
Anion
negative ion.
compound
substance formed when two or more elements are chemically combined.
ionic bond
attraction between oppositely charged ions.
covalent bond
formed by a shared pair of electrons.
Diatomic
two atoms covalently bonded in a molecule.
Metallic bonding
attraction between delocalised electrons and the positive ions in a regular lattice.
Malleable
can be hammered into shape.
Ductile
drawn out into wires.
alloy
mixture of two or more elements at least one of which is a metal and the resulting mixture has metallic properties.
nanometre
10-9m
nanoparticle
A structure that is 1 - 100 nm in size.
Allotropes
are different forms of the same element in the same physical state.
element
substance that consists of only one type of atom and it cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means.
compound
substance that consists of two or more elements chemically combined.
atom
the simplest particle of an element that can exist on its own in a stable environment.
molecule
a particle that consists of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
period
A horizontal row in the Periodic Table.
group
vertical column in the Periodic Table.
relative atomic mass
the mass of the atom compared with that of the carbon 12 isotope, which has a mass of exactly 12, and it is the weighted mean ofthe mass numbers
Percentage yield
Actual yield theoretical yield x 100