Plate Tectonics
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OCEANIC-CONTINENTAL INDICATORS: FEATURES: VOLCANISM: METAMORPHISM: EARTHQUAKES:
INDICATORS: point of subduction indicated by a trench FEATURES: intensely folded mountain ranges VOLCANISM: andesitic volcanism, High silica content, highly viscous Magna and explosive. Granitic magma intrusions METAMORPHISM: regional and contact EARTHQUAKES: shallow to deep focus
OCEANIC-OCEANIC INDICATORS: FEATURES: VOLCANISM: METAMORPHISM: EARTHQUAKES:
INDICATORS: point of subduction indicated by trench FEATURES: island arc chains VOLCANISM: andesitic volcanism, granitic magma intrusions METAMORPHISM: regional and contact EARTHQUAKES: shallow to deep focus
CONTINENTAL- CONTINENTAL INDICATORS: FEATURES: VOLCANISM: METAMORPHISM: EARTHQUAKES:
INDICATORS: intensely folded uplifted crust FEATURES: mountain ranges VOLCANISM: none METAMORPHISM: intense regional, NO contact EARTHQUAKES: shallow to medium
DIVERGENT INDICATORS: FEATURES: VOLCANISM: METAMORPHISM: EARTHQUAKES:
INDICATORS: mid oceanic ridges FEATURES: basaltic effusive lava pillows VOLCANISM: high basaltic lava content. Less explosive. Effusive volcanism METAMORPHISM: little to no metamorphism EARTHQUAKES: shallow focus
TRANSFORM INDICATORS: FEATURES: VOLCANISM: METAMORPHISM: EARTHQUAKES:
INDICATORS: earthquakes, displaced crust FEATURES: faulting VOLCANISM: none METAMORPHISM: NO regional EARTHQUAKES: shallow focus earthquakes
List driving plate forces in order of contribution
• slab pull • ridge push • mantle convection
Mantle convections
• buoyant magma rises • magma cools, denser, order magma sinks • sideways movement at top of convection current drives plate movement • LITTLE TO NO EFFECT
Ridge push
• gravity causes higher plate at MOR to push the lithosphere away • SMALL INFLUENCE
Slab pull
• older, denser, cooler plate sinks at subduction zone • weight of sinking slab drags attached crust along with it, pulling plate along • GREATEST INFLUENCE
Mantle plumes
• rising hot mantle that form away from MOR • as plate moves over the hot spot = volcano chains formed