3 b) Rates of Reaction
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Catalyst
Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by providing an alternative pathway of lower activation energy. Catalysts are not used up and remain chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction.
Collision theory
Reactant particles must collide with each other and the collision needs to have sufficient energy and the correct orientation for a reaction to occur.
Dependent variable
What you measure in an experiment.
Independent variable
What you vary in an experiment.
Rate
The speed at which the amount of reactants decreases or the amount of products increases. It is measured as a change in the concentration (or amount) per unit time.
Activation energy
Minimum amount of energy required to result in a reaction (successful collision).
Anomalous result
A result that does not fit in with the pattern of the others.
Kinetic energy
A form of energy a substance possesses due to motion.
Tangent
A straight line that touches a curve, but does not cut across it.