Nucleic acids 2 ✅
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What does DNA carry
genetic code of all living organisms
Viruses are not
living organism
What makes viruses not living
they lack a cellular structure
what are DNA and RNA
polymers made up of nucleotides
Each nucleotide is made up from
A pentose sugar (5carbon atoms) A nitrogen containing base A phosphate group (acidic and negatively charged )
The base and phosphate group are both
covalently bonded to the sugar
List the bases in DNA
Cytosine Guanine Adenine Thymine
List the bases in RNA
Adenine Guanine Cytosine Uracil
What are example of purines
Adenine and Guanine
What are examples of Pyrimidines
Cytosine Uracil Thymine
How is a sugar - phosphate backbone formed
The phosphate group of one nucleotide is linked to the pentose sugar of another nucleotide by condensation reactions (releases of water molecules ) furlong a covalent bond
3 different RNA
mRNA tRNA rRNA
Function of Messenger RNA
formed in nucleus and transported to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
Function of Transfer RNA
responsible to transporting amino acids to ribosomes during a photosynthesis
Function of Ribosoma RNA
forms part of ribosomes
How many hydrogen bonds between A and T ?
2
How many hydrogen bonds between C and G ?
3
What is the coding strand
when one of the strands of the DNA carries the base sequence
the sequence of bases determines
the order of amino acids
how many different amino acids can be coded for
20
What will the sequence of amino acids determine
the shape and function of the protein