biology plants

when liquid water gains energy and turns into gas

holes on the underside of leaves

the evaporation of water vapour from leaves through stomata

the movement of an unbroken column of water rising up the xylem

dissolved sugars

water

-high light intensity (more stomata open for gas exchange) -high temperatures (molecules have more kinetic energy) -high wind speeds (increases concentration gradient of water vapour) -low humidity (increases concentration gradient because air holds less water)

measures the uptake of water by a plant

a type of tissue that forms vessels that transport water and minerals from the roots up the plant stem and into the leaves

the movement of dissolved sugars through the phloem tissue

a tissue that forms vessels to transport dissolved sugars and other nutrient molecules throughout the plant

it is a reactant of respiration which releases energy for organisms

as starch or fats, or used to make cellulose

a tube that transports liquid around an organism

a green pigment used to absorb sunlight and convert this energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis

a chemical reaction that requires light and takes place in chloroplasts of plant cells

endothermic because energy is transferred from the environment to chlorophyll by light. Energy is taken in

carbon dioxide+water-> glucose+oxygen

glucose+oxygen-> carbon dioxide+water

-storage as starch (e.g. in leaves or tubers) -storage as oils/fats -synthesis of cellulose for cell walls -produce amino acids for protein synthesis

a variable in the environment that when in short supply stops the maximum rate of a process

-carbon dioxide concentration (reactant) -light intensity (light needs to be absorbed) -amount of chlorophyll (chlorophyll absorbs sunlight) -temperature (at low temp, particles lack kinetic energy)

image size/magnification

1mm=1000 µm