the respiratory system
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function of respiratory system:
takes in oxygen, removes carbon dioxide
primary organ of respiratory system:
lungs
how does air enter
• mouth or nose, nasal passages 2. into pharynx and larynx (voice box)
nasal passages have tiny hairlike structures called
cillia. beat back and forth to move mucus upward
each bronchus enters a lung and branches into
branchioles
alveoli are sacs at the end of each
bronchiole
the walls of alveoli have capillaries,
tiny blood vessels
breathing: air moves
into and out of lungs
inhalation
air pressure in lungs < outside of lungs
exhalation
air pressure in lungs > outside lungs
the ribcage moves up during
inhalation. diaphragm moves down
the diaphragm moves up in
exhalation. ribcage moves down
gas exchange: process where oxygen and carbon dioxide move
between the bloodstream and the lungs
gas exchange: diffusion: oxygen moves into capillaries from
alveoli, carbon dioxide moves into alveoli from cap
gas exchange:
concentration of oxygen in blood through lungs > oxygen entering lungs from air
the circulatory transports oxygen rich blood to
all body tissues
alveoli- efficient gas exchange (LMTD)
• large surface area • moist surface area • thin lining • dense network
capillaries- efficient gas exchange
• dense network • large surface area • lining is one cell thick
why do alveoli have a large surface area (gas exchange)
to absorb oxygen
why do alveoli have a moist surface area for gas exchange
allows for oxygen to dissolve
why do alveoli have a thin lining for gas exchange
allows for easy diffusion of gases
why do alveoli have a dense network (blood capillaries)
easy gas exchange
why do capillaries have a dense network
to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
why do capillaries have a large surface area for gas exchange: to transport
gases