[Part 3]- Required practicals 🥼🧪

1) pour approximately 50cm^3 of copper (II) chloride solution into a beaker. 2) place a plastic petri-dish over the beaker- the petri disk should have two holes, and insert a carbon graphite rod into each hole [electrodes] 4) as carbon graphite is unreactive, the electrodes are inert and won’t react. 5) ; the two electrode mustn’t touch each other- this would produce a short-circuit 6) attach crocodile leads to the rods, and then connect the rods to the terminals, of a low-voltage power supply. 7) then select 4V on the power supply, and switch it on. 8) look very carefully at the two electrodes- the cathode is being coated with copper. 9) overall if copper (II) solution is electrolysed, then copper will be discharged at the anode and chlorine gas discharged at the anode.

• the cathode is being coated with copper. This is because, if the metal is less reactive then hydrogen, then the metal will be discharged at the cathode. • as copper is less reactive than hydrogen, copper is discharged at the cathode

• ; at the anode there will be bubbles of a gas, and the smell of chlorine in the air might be noticed.

• ; at the anode there will be bubbles of a gas, and the smell of chlorine in the air might be noticed. • this is because, we’re electrolysing copper (II) chloride and chloride is a halide ion. • and whenever whenever electrolysis on an aqueous solution, carrying a halide ion is carried out, the halogen will be discharged at the anode. • Therefore, this means that chlorine gas is produced at the anode.

• if we hold damp blue litmus paper near the anode, it becomes bleached- proving the gas is chlorine.

1) pour approximately 50cm^3 of sodium chloride solution into a beaker. 2) place a plastic petri-dish over the beaker- the petri disk should have two holes, and insert a carbon graphite rod into each hole [electrodes] 4) as carbon graphite is unreactive, the electrodes are inert and won’t react. 5) ; the two electrode mustn’t touch each other- this would produce a short-circuit 6) attach crocodile leads to the rods, and then connect the rods to the terminals, of a low-voltage power supply. 7) then select 4V on the power supply, and switch it on. 8) look very carefully at the two electrodes- at the anode, bubbles of gas are being produced- this is chlorine. 9) at the cathode, there will be gas bubbles produced- this is hydrogen

• If we hold damp blue litmus paper near the anode, it becomes bleached- proving the gas is chlorine.

• sodium chloride contains the chloride ion- halide. • and whenever whenever electrolysis on an aqueous solution, carrying a halide ion is carried out, the halogen will be discharged at the anode. • therefore bubbles of gas, will be produced at the anode.

• at the cathode, there will be gas bubbles produced- this is hydrogen • This is because we’re electrolysing sodium chloride solution. • and because sodium is more reactive than hydrogen, hydrogen gas is discharged at the cathode.

• collecting it, and then testing it with a lit splint- hydrogen gas will produce a squeaky pop.