nanoparticles and some quantitive chem

very very tiny particles which have a diameter between 1 nm and 100nm they are particles which contain only a few hundred atoms

high surface to volume ratio ( surface area/ volume) so would be an effective catalyst

some can conduct electricity - can be used in computer chips nanomedicine- tiny particles like fullerenes are absorbed more easily by the body than most particles silver nanoparticles- antibacterial purposes, can be added to polymer fibres then used to make surgical masks, wound dressings also used in cosmetics, used in sun creams as they protect skin from harmful UV rays and also give better skin coverage

• its effects on health and the body are not fully understood yet • some believe they might have a negative effect on human health, unsure on what the long term impacts on health will be, needs to be investigated properly • because of this, products containing nanoparticles should be labelled in case people don’t want to use them

• strong forces of attraction between particles • particles close together in fixed positions • particles dont move, solids have a fixed shape and volume • particles vibrate when heated

• weak forces of attraction between particles • definite volume but no fixed shape • particles are constantly moving around with random motion • expand slightly when heated

• forces between particles are very weak • no fixed shape or volume • gases expand when heated

• using heat, the forces between the particles are broken, allowing them to move around

• the model assumes that all particles are solid spheres and this is not the case • the model shows that there are no forces between the particles in a solid

A measure of the amount of starting materials that end up of useful product

• by minimising the production of unwanted products, we save money • also increase sustainability

relative formula mass of desired product/ sum of relative formula masses of all reactants x 100

yes

because it would mean that were creating atoms which isnt possible