3.3.2.2 Modification of alkanes by cracking
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What is the process of cracking?
The decomposition of long chain alkanes into shorter chain alkanes and alkenes This converts the less valuable longer chain fractions into more useful shorter ones
What is reforming?
The conversion of straight chain molecules into branched chain, cyclic and aromatic compounds
What is the process for thermal cracking? (Using ethene as an example)
See card Step 1: long chain hydrocarbon splits into two Step 2: becomes ethene plus a shorter chain hydrocarbon
What is catalytic cracking?
Cracking which takes place at lower temperatures and pressures with a zeolite catalyst Mainly produces branched alkanes, cyclohexanes and aromatic compounds
What are the conditions for thermal cracking?
Heating alkanes to a high temperature under a high pressure
What are the conditions for catalytic cracking?
Lower temperatures and pressures than thermal cracking Uses a zeolite catalyst Products are mostly branched alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic compounds