Heart
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3 ways lungs are adaptive for gas exchange
Huge surface area Lots of capillaries One cell thick
Normal oxygen saturation
95% to 100%
Life threatening oxygen saturation
Below 70%
Resperation
The release of energy from food
Aerobic resperation
Uses up oxygen
2 things needed for aerobic respiration
Oxygen and glucose
Release of oxygen during cellular respiration
C6 H12 O6+ 6 O2 —> 6 CO2 + 6H2O atp Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water
Glucose comes from…
The digestive system
Oxygen comes from
Lungs
We get rid of carbon dioxide from
Exhaling
Smoking causes
Cancer and emphysema
Emphysema
Alveoli become dry and brittle until it eventually ruptures
Cancer’s
CO2 affects the CO2 diffusion gradient Carcinogenic chemicals can trigger Tumors Toxic nicotine paralyzed cilia which normally clean the lungs
How much blood is in the human body
5.6 litres
Cystic fibrosis
Mutation of a single gene which controls salt balance in the lungs
Cardiac muscles on walls of heart
Myocardium
Myocardium
Walls of heart are made up of it Only found in heart Never tired but can’t handle lack of CO2
Pericardium
Encloses the heart
Pericardial fluid
In between heart and pericardium to aid movements
Valves
Prevent back flow of veins
Septum
Separates oxygenated blood and non oxygenated blood
Siptolic
Phase in the heart where it contracts Blood pressure rises
Diastolic
Heart releases Blood pressure falls
Things that raise blood pressure
Full bladder Talking Alcohol Caffeine Smoking