Chapter 11 Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
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What are the 3 phases?
Solid, liquid & gas
Which of the following is not true about the solid phase? A) High density B) Limited to freedom of motion C) Weak intermolecular forces D) Short distance between molecules
C ; strong intermolecular forces
Which of the following is not true about the liquid phase? A) Low density B) Some freedom of motion C) Moderate intermolecular forces D) Somewhat short distance between molecules
A ; high density
Which of the following is not true about the gas phase? A) Low density B) Large freedom of motion C) Strong intermolecular forces D) Long distance between molecules
C ; weak intermolecular forces
T/F High degree of freedom = more unstable
True
T/F Low degree of freedom = neither stable/unstable
False ; more stable
What type of molecules are not easily compressible?
Molecules closely spaced
What type of molecules are highly compressible?
Molecules widely spaced
Define Thermal Expansion
The tendency of matter to change shape, area and volume in response to change in temperature
Does the solid phase have weak/moderate/strong Thermal Expansion?
Weak
Does the liquid phase have weak/moderate/strong Thermal Expansion
Moderate
Does the gas phase have weak/moderate/strong Thermal Expansion?
Strong
What is the process from solid to liquid phase?
Melting
What is the process from liquid to gas phase?
Vaporization
What is the process from gas to liquid phase?
Condensation
What is the process from liquid to solid phase?
Freezing
Define Intermolecular Forces?
Forces that hold condensed states together
The __________ of particles determines the __________ of Intermolecular Forces that hold the substance together
Structure ; strength
What is the equation for Coulomb’s Law?
E = 1 / 4(pi)E0 (q1q2 / r)
What does Coulomb’s Law state?
States that Intermolecular Forces are due to attractive forces between opposite charges
List the following Intermolecular Forces in order from weakest to strongest
London Dispersion Dipole - Dipole Hydrogen Bonding Ion - Dipole
Which Intermolecular Force exists among all particles and molecules
London Dispersion Force
Define London Dispersion Force
When there are fluctuations in electron distributions within molecules or atoms
Define Polarizability
The ease with which the electron distribution around an atom or molecule can be distorted