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carbonyls and carboxylic acids

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

why are aldehydes easy to oxidise?

Back (Answer)

as H atom is attached to the carbonyl group

#2
Front (Question)

what happens to solubility of carboxylic acids as chain length increases?

Back (Answer)

decreases - as hydrocarbon tails ‘get in the way’, breaking h bonds between carbon and water, reducing solubility

#3
Front (Question)

tollen’s test

Back (Answer)

Ag+ ins oxidise aldehyde, reducing Ag+ to Ag

#4
Front (Question)

other name for Brady’s solution

Back (Answer)

2,4 - dinitrophenylhydrazine

#5
Front (Question)

what is Brady’s test for

Back (Answer)

aldehyde and ketone

#6
Front (Question)

positive Brady’s result

Back (Answer)

orange ppt.

#7
Front (Question)

esterification - conditions

Back (Answer)

reaction of alcohol with carboxylic acid to form and ester - in presence of H2SO4 (conc)

#8
Front (Question)

hydrolysis of ester - product and conditions

Back (Answer)

• hot aqueous acid –> parent carb. acid - hot aqueous alkali –> carboxylate ion

#9
Front (Question)

acid hydrolysis

Back (Answer)

• reverse reaction of esterfication

#10
Front (Question)

acid hydrolysis - conditions - - explain products

Back (Answer)

• ester refluxed with dilute aqueous acid • broken down by water with acid acting as catalyst • carb. acid and alcohol

#11
Front (Question)

alkaline hydrolysis

Back (Answer)

ester refluxed with aqueous alkali

#12
Front (Question)

products of alkaline hydrolysis

Back (Answer)

carboxylate ion and alcohol

#13
Front (Question)

acyl chloride + alcohol =

Back (Answer)

HCl and ester

#14
Front (Question)

acyl chloride + phenol =

Back (Answer)

HCl and ester

#15
Front (Question)

acyl chloride + water =

Back (Answer)

HCl and carboxylic acid

#16
Front (Question)

acyl chloride + ammonia =

Back (Answer)

ammonium chloride and primary Amide

#17
Front (Question)

carbonyl functional group

Back (Answer)

C=O

#18
Front (Question)

carboxylic acid + … –> acyl chloride

Back (Answer)

SOCl2

#19
Front (Question)

acyl chloride + amine =

Back (Answer)

secondary amide

#20
Front (Question)

ester functional group

Back (Answer)

COO

#21
Front (Question)

advantages of using acid anhydrides instead of carboxylic acids to make esters

Back (Answer)

• position of equilibrium is further right so yield is higher • no conc. acid catalyst required

#22
Front (Question)

disadvantages of using acid anhydrides instead of carboxylic acids to make esters

Back (Answer)

• lower atom economy

#23
Front (Question)

differences between acid and alkaline hydrolysis of esters

Back (Answer)

alkane hydrolysis produces carboxylate salt instead of carb acid

#24
Front (Question)

naming esters

Back (Answer)

alcohol gives first part of name carboxylic acid gives second part