What is evolution
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Define evolution
the change of frequency of allele within a population
At what level of biological organisation does evolution act?
population
Explain the statement “Science is a process.” Briefly provide an historical example to substantiate this statemen
The idea of evolution changes over time. It was not discovered by a singular person. It requires many people to come up with theories. Still being revised today. Modern vs darwin postulates ex lamark, lyell, wallace, darwin
What is the most important scientific contribution of Darwin and Wallace? mechs
They came up with the mech of evolution. They jointly came up with the theory of the mech of how evolution happens Descent with modification as Darwin said
What are the two main points generated from the ‘Origin of Species?
Evidencce that species currently in existance come from now extinct species (ie descent with modification) Natural selection is the mech of evolution, the descendants are here bc of nat selection
What are darwins org postulates (old) 4
• indivs of pop can vary • some variation is heritable • indivs will overproduce • variations change how likely they are to reproduce, survive
What are the modern postulates of the ‘Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?’ 3
pop evolves traits are heritable evolutoin and nat selection is not progressive
Are all adaptations positive?
No, some adaptations like those of peacocks hinder their ability to survive but allow them to reproduce better
Distinguish meanings of evolution as fact and evolution as theory
It is a fact that some things have the same ancenstor, it is the mechanisms of eveolution that are a theory. It is hard to prove because it is so slow acting. But we do see evolution happening in species that reproduce quickly.
Describe why the study of evolution is an integrated science. Provide an example to substantiate your reasonin
It requires input of many different sciences to piece together the history of an animal. Requires earth science to look at historical landscape, fossils life science
What is the evidence for evolution by nat selection 3
fossils vestigial features homologous chars - evidence of shared ancestry
Who were the 4 philosphers on evolution, what did they say
plato -said species were unchanging aristotle - recognized species and categorized them anaximander - thought of physical forces rather than supernatural means that shape universe Empdeocles - thought that combinations of things that worked prevailed and those that did not were eliminated, Did not think it was a gradual process
What did lamark think (2 ideas), do
compared current species with fossils made lines of descent coined biology, invertebrate, wrote abt evo 1 body parts used bacame larger, disuse becomes smaller 2 inheritance of aquired traits