atp production
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When the body creates energy in rest conditions…
• sufficient oxygen available • demand for energy is low • all energy produced aerobically bc body has abundant energy supply
When the body creates energy in active conditions…
• insufficient oxygen to function at level • without marked increase in o2 intake either during or after the effort • occur during anaerobic and aerobic
rest is when
the body is not under physical stress and when breathing and heart rates are at resting levels- low and stable
source of atp in the state of rest
• 2/3 of ATP comes from breakdown of fats and 1/3 from breakdown of glucose and glycogen stores in both muscle and liver
the mitochondria is
the center for aerobic energy metabolism
the production of atp from both fats glucose and glycogen occurs…
in the mitochondria
exercising is….
any physical state more exertive than rest
which 3 energy systems do the body use to generate ATP?
ATP-PC (phosphogen) system- metabolism of phosphocreatine without o2 lactic acid (anaerobic glycolytic)- incomplete metabolism of glucose to lactic acid that does not require oxygen aerobic system- complete metabolism of glucose, fats and proteins aerobically
Phosphate energy system
PCr splits, allowing its Pi to join with ADP to quickly synthesize more ATP. - occurs until PCr stores are depleted, in appx 8-10 sec, slightly longer for athletes
Phosphate energy system formula
PCr-> Pi + Cr Pi+ ADP= ATP
When does the phosphate energy system provide the bulk of ATP?
The phosphate energy system provides the bulk of ATP during powerful or explosive efforts. - may be one off, e.g. takeoff in the high jump, or ongoingL sprint to position in netball or football
advantage and disadvantage of the atp-cp system
• can resynthesise ATP without the presence of o2 • ## at a fast rate • amount of atp molecules resynthesised is very small • deplete quickly
How long does it take for the atp-pc system to deplete and what happens after that?
• 10 sec of maximal effort • body needs to significantly reduce the activity’s intensity • anaerobic glycolysis system begin to become the dominant provider of atp
the phosphate energy system relies on muscle stores of….
both atp and phosphocreatine - both have high energy bonds
how long does the body take to restore the phosphate energy system?
following a 10 sec maximal effort the body can take around 3-5 minutes to restore atp and phosphocreatine supplies to pre-exercise levels fully - takes less time to recover if lower effort was used (less than 10 seconds)