Specialised Exchange Surfaces - the Alveoli
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Explain the need for exchange surfaces and transport systems in multicellular organisms.
• They have a smaller surface area compared to their volume, making it difficult to exchange enough substances to supply their whole volume across their outer surface • Therefore, they need exchange surfaces for diffusion of these substances and transport systems to move them between exchange surface and rest of body
The lungs transfer oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from it. What helps them do this?
Alveoli
State the function of the alveoli.
To allow gas exchange in mammals to occur
Give the ways in which the alveoli are adapted for gas exchange.
• They have a moist lining for dissolving gases • They have very thin walls, minimising the distance that gases have to move • They have a large surface area