Hearing
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What does the external ear do?
Collects sound waves
What does the middle ear do?
Contains: • 3 auditory ossicles • the oval window • the round window
What does the inner ear do?
Contains: • receptors for hearing • receptors for dynamic and static equalibrium
External ear structures
• Auricle/pinna • External a auditory canal • Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Middle ear structures
• Small air filled cavity • Contains the malleus, incus, staples • Auditory tube. that leads to the nasopharnyx
Inner ear
• Divided into the vestibule, cochlea, semicircular canals - 2 main divisions: bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth
Where are high and low pitched sounds detected?
High pitched: base of the cochlea Low pitched: apex of the cochlea
Which cranial nerve carries impulses from the vestibule and organ of corti?
Vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve
What is equilibrium?
The state of being balanced and refers to the position of the head in relation to the body
Where are the receptors for static equilibrium located?
Vestibule
Where are the receptors for dynamic equilibrium located?
Semicircular canals
What are some age related changes to the ear?
• Presbycusis (damage and loss of hair cells, degeneration of nerve pathway) • Tinnitus (nerve degeneration) • Vestibular imbalance (loss of receptor cells)
Name for eardrum
Tympanic membrane
Endolymph is found within the…
cochlear duct
Nerve fibers that synapse with hair cells in the organ of Corti unite to form part of the ?? nerve
vestibulocochlear
Sound waves are translated into nerve impulses in the…
cochlea
The neural receptors for the sense of hearing are located in the…
inner ear
The oval window connects to the…
stapes
What helps maintain proper air pressure in the middle ear?
Eustachian tube
What is the correct pathway leading to the perception of sound?
tympanic membrane, ossicles, perilymph, endolymph, hair cells
Each crista in the semicircular ducts is covered by a gelatinous material called the…
cupula
High intensity (loud) sounds can cause deafness because they are most damaging to the…
hair cells of the spiral organ of Corti
Perilymph fills the…
bony labyrinth