A&P of Immune System

_______ serve as identification badges that allow the immune system to detect pathogens and trigger a defensive immune response.

_______ are the immune systems response to foreign agents that are not pathogens.

_______ line of defense is the external aspect of the innate immune system and does not defend against specific pathogens. (includes skin, hair, earwax, salt on skin, and eye-cleansing tears).

the ______ immune system

________ line of defense is the internal aspect of the innate immune system, which has nonspecific responses such as inflammation, production of interferon, and ingestion of pathogens by phagocytes. .

WBCs ingest pathogens by phagocytosis, one type of large phagocytic WBC’s is the ____________.

macrophage is able to put parts of the ingested antigens on its cell membrane to alert patrolling ______ cells. macrophages becomes antigen-presenting cell.

macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells can become ________________.

macrophages produce cell signaling molecules called _______, which broadcast location of pathogens to other WBC’s.

the innate immune system produces ________, which triggers capillary permeability and vasodilation, which can make more WBC’s leak from capillaries

________ is the resulting redness, swelling, heat, and pain in a defense by innate immunity.

some WBC’s secrete _________, that inhibit virus replication.

external and internal innate immune systems operate at a ________ rate in response to pathogens. (if “innate,” at birth.)

______ line of defense is adaptive immune system, cellular responses triggered by internal presence of specific antigen.

________ immune system develops specific defenses to particular antigens, deals with perceived pathogens.

adaptive immune system deals with perceived pathogens at a ______ rate in response to pathogens. once defense is created, memory triggers fast response.

_________ are WBC’s that include natural killer cells, B-cells, T-cells.

T-cells mature in the ______. mature T-cells become _________.

___________ secrete interleukins, a messenger that triggers __________ to attack foreign cells.

T-cells that become _______ cells respond quickly to antigen upon re-exposure of the pathogen a second time.

memory cells are involved in ___________, a type of adaptive immunity where T lymphocytes attack parasitic worms, cancer cells, transplanted tissues, or cells containing pathogens.

one role of the helper T-cell is to activate ______ cells.

______ cells are a lymphocyte that mature in bone marrow and make antibodies in response to antigens.

B-cells multiply rapidly into cells called ______ cells, that produce and secrete large amounts of antibody against specific antigen.