UNIT 10 - SKELETAL SYSTEM
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
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What are the 2 types of bone?
• Conpact bone • Spongy bone
What type of bone covers the external surfaces of ALL bones?
Compact bone
What composes the structure of compact bone?
Composed of osteons; each osteon contains: * Lamellae * Lacunae (with osteocytes) * Canaliculi * Central Canal * Perforating canal
What are the lamellae? (Compact bone)
Concentric circles of the matrix
What are lacunae? (Compact bone)
Space within matrix where osteocyes live (between lamellae)
What are canaliculi? (Compact bone)
Small channels that connect osteocytes to blood supply and to eachother
What is the central canal? (Compact bone)
The space that contains blood vessesl and nerves (big canal)
What is the central canal lined with? (Compact bone)
Endosteum
What is the perforating canal? (Compact bone)
The canals perpendicular to the central canal * Carry blood and nerve supply from peristeum to central canals & medullary cavity
What is the structure of spongy bone?
• NO OSTEONS • Have trabeculae (irregularly arrranged lamellae) • Canaliculi connect osteocytes in lacunae
Where is spongy bone found?
• Flat & Irregular bone (skull, ribs, vert.) • Long bones (epiphyses, lining of medullary cavity)
Where is bone marrow found?
In spongy bone - Red marrow produces blood cells
What are the 2 divisions of the skeletal system?
• Axial skeleton • Appendicular skeleton
How many bones are in the axial skeleton?
80
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
• Skull • Hyoid • Vertebral column • Thoracic cage
How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?
126
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
• Pectoral girdle • Pelvic girdle • Upper limb (arm, forearm, and hand) • Lower limb (thigh, leg, foot)
What are the connections between bones called?
Articulations
What are the 3 main bone groupings of the skull?
• Cranium (8 bones) • Facial bones (14) • Auditory ossicles (6, 3 each ear)
What bones make up the cranium? Also specify how many of each (8)
• 1 Frontal • 2 Parietal • 2 Temporal • 1 Sphenoid • 1 Ethmoid • 1 Occipital
What bone forms the superior and middle nasal chonchae?
The ethmoid
What makes up the facial bones? Also specify how many of each (14)
• 2 Nasal • 2 Maxillae • 2 Zygomatic • 2 Lacrimal • 2 Palentine • 2 Inferior nasal conchae • 1 Vomer • 1 Mandible
What makes up the auditory ossicles? Also specify how many of each (6)
• 2 Incus • 2 Malleus • 2 Stapes
What is special about the hyoid?
• No articulations • Point of muscle attatchment • Assists in swallowing