Hormones
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Define hormones
Chemical substance produced by a gland which travels in the blood where it alters a specific activity of a target organ
Thyroxine description
Is produced from the thyroid gland and stimulate the metabolic rate
Thyroxine level is low:
Low level of thyroxine stimulate the hypothalamus to release TRH The TRH causes the pituitary gland to release thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH) The TSH travels in the blood and acts on the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine Thyroxine level increases
Thyroxine levels are normal or high
The thyroxine levels inhibit the release of TRH and TSH and the production of TSH Thyroxine level decrease
Where is adrenaline produced from and where is it affected
Adrenal gland Target3 organs; liver and heart
Adrenaline role and effect
Readies the body for a flight or fight response Increased heart rate Increased blood glucose conc for increasing the respiring muscle cell Dilate pupils
Where is ADH produced and target
Produced at the posterior and pituitary gland And affects the kidney
ADH effect
Controls blood water level by triggering uptake of water in kidney
Where is Testosterone produced and effect
Produced ; testis Target organ; male reproductive organs Controls puberty in males
Where is oestrogen produc3d and effect
Produced; ovary Target organ; ovaries, uterus, pituitary gland
OEstrogen effects
-thickens uterine lining Controls puberty and the menstrual cycle in females Stimulate production of LH Suppresss the production of FSH in the pituitary gland
Progesterone produced and target organs impact
Produced by the Ovary And targets the uterus Impact Maintains the uterus lining
Nervous type of signal
Electrical (chemical at synapses)
Nnervous transmission of signal
By nerve cells (neurones)
Nervous effectors
Muscle or glands
Nervous speed of response
Rapid
Nervous duration of response
Short ( until nerve impulse stops)
Hormonal type of signal
Chemical
Hormonal transmission of signal
By the bloodstream
Hormonal effectors
Target cells in particular organs
Hormonal Type of response
Chemical change
Hormonal speed of response
Slower
Hormones duration of response
Long ( until hormones is broken down)
FSH description
Causes one follicle into the ovaries to become mature ( cause eggs maturation in ovary) Stimulate the ovary to start releasing oestrogen Released by pituitary gland