PROTEINS
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functions of proteins • _______ body tissues • important in _________________ AND _____________ • for ____________ • maintenance of __________ __________ • maintenance of __________ __ • biocatalysts
functions of proteins • REPAIR body tissues • important in BLOOD COAGULATION AND IMMUNOLOGIC FUNCTION • for TRANSPORT OF METABOLIC SUBSTANCES • maintenance of BLOOD PH • maintenance of OSMOTIC PRESSURE • BIOCATALYST
negative acute phase reactants- decreases inflammatory processes a. pre albumin b. albumin c. globulin d. AFP
albumin • highest conc in plasma • general transport protein • maintains osmotic pressure • indicator of nutritional status
sensitive and highly specific in cases of cystic fibrosis a. pre albumin b. albumin c. globulin d. AFP
albumin • highest conc in plasma • general transport protein • maintains osmotic pressure • indicator of nutritional status • sensitive and highly specific in cases of cystic fibrosis
inidcator of nutritional status a. pre albumin b. albumin c. globulin d. AFP
pre albumin - used to detect MALNUTRITION albumin - indicator of NUTIONAL STATUS
transport protein for T4 and retinol (vitamin a) a. pre albumin b. albumin c. globulin d. AFP
pre albumin - transport protein for T4and retinol albumin - general transport protein
it is used to confirm if it is real a CSF sample a. pre albumin b. albumin c. globulin d. AFP`
pre albumin
comprises 90% of alpha 1 globulin band a. AAT b. AFP c. AAG d. A1-X
a1- Antitrypsin (AAT) • acute phase reactants • major inhibitor of protease activity - prevents self destruction of tissues • it comprises 90% of a1- globulin band • increased in INFLAMMATION, PREGNANCY, CONTRACEPTIVES
deficiency : EMPHYSEMATOUS PULMONARY DISEASE AND JUVENILE HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS a. AAT b. AFP c. AAG d. A1-X
a1- Antitrypsin (AAT) • acute phase reactants • major inhibitor of protease activity - prevents self destruction of tissues • it comprises 90% of a1- globulin band • increased in INFLAMMATION, PREGNANCY, CONTRACEPTIVES • deficiency : EMPHYSEMATOUS PULMONARY DISEASE AND JUVENILE HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS
Migrates between albumin and a1 globulin band a. AAT b. AFP c. AAG d. A1-X
a1- Fetoprotein (AFP) • Migrates between albumin and a1 globulin band • used as a tumor marker (hepatic and gonodal cancer) • screening : NUERAL TUBE DEFECTS AND DOWN SYNDROME • DECREASED: DOWN SYNDROME (TRISOMY 21) , TRISOMY 18
AFP IS DETECTABLE INTHE MATERNAL BLOOD TO THE ____ OR ______ OF PREGNANCY A. 13 WEEKS B. 5-6 MONTHS C. 7-8 MONTHS D. 4-5 MONTHS
AFP • detectable in the maternal blood up to the 7th to 8th month of pregnancy • it peaks in the fetus at 13 weeks of gestation
negatively charge even in sialic acid solution a. AAT b. AFP c. AAG d. A1-X
a1- acid glycoprotein / orosomucoid (AAG) • contains high percentage of CHO and Sialic acid • low Pi (2.5) • negatively charge even in sialic acid solution • greatest affinity in PROGESTERONE; binds to quinidine • increased: PREGNANCY , CANCER, PNEUMONIA, RA AND CELL PROLIFERATION
GREATEST AFFINITY TO PROGESTERONE a. AAT b. AFP c. AAG d. A1-X
a1- acid glycoprotein / orosomucoid (AAG) • contains high percentage of CHO and Sialic acid • low Pi (2.5) • negatively charge even in sialic acid solution • greatest affinity in PROGESTERONE; binds to quinidine • increased: PREGNANCY , CANCER, PNEUMONIA, RA AND CELL PROLIFERATION
IT IS A USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC STOOL IN NEONATES WITH BACTERIAL INFECTIONS a. AAT b. AFP c. AAG d. A1-X
a1- acid glycoprotein / orosomucoid (AAG) • contains high percentage of CHO and Sialic acid • low Pi (2.5) • negatively charge even in sialic acid solution • greatest affinity in PROGESTERONE; binds to quinidine • increased: PREGNANCY , CANCER, PNEUMONIA, RA AND CELL PROLIFERATION • IT IS A USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC STOOL IN NEONATES WITH BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
is a serine protease with cathepsin G a. AAT b. AFP c. AAG d. A1-X
a1- Antichymotrypsin (a1-X) • serine protease with cathepsin G • APR • migrates between A1 AND A1 ZONES • prostate - specific antigen • alzeimer’s disease • increased : INFECTION, MALIGNANCY , BURN, AMI AND ALZEIMER’S DISEASE • deiciency : LIVER DISEASE
it helps in diagnosis of early hemolysis a. hemopexin b. AFP c. haptoglobin d. A1-X
hemopexin • binds to heme released by degradation of hemoglobin • diagnosis of early hemolysis • migrates in the B region during electrophoresis
it exhibits with vit. d and actin a. hemopexin b. GC globulin c. haptoglobin d. ceruloplasmin
group specific (GC) globulin • it exhibits affinity with vit. d and actin • migrates in a1 and a2 interzone during electrophoresis