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Alkanes

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

What does fractional distillation of crude oil do?

Back (Answer)

Separate hydrocarbons into fractions

#2
Front (Question)

What two physical processes are involved in fractional distillation

Back (Answer)

Boiling and condensation (as fractions leave column as liquids)

#3
Front (Question)

What is a fraction

Back (Answer)

A mixture of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points

#4
Front (Question)

What do C1 to C4 carbons make

Back (Answer)

Liquefied petroleum gas

#5
Front (Question)

What do C5 to C9 carbons make

Back (Answer)

Chemicals

#6
Front (Question)

What do C5 to C10 carbons make

Back (Answer)

Petrol for vehicles

#7
Front (Question)

What do C10 to C16 carbons make

Back (Answer)

Jet fuel and paraffin

#8
Front (Question)

What do C14 to C20 carbons make

Back (Answer)

Diesel fuels

#9
Front (Question)

What do C20 to C50 carbons make

Back (Answer)

Waxes, lubricants and polishes

#10
Front (Question)

What do C20 to C70 carbons make

Back (Answer)

Fuels for ships, factories and central heating

#11
Front (Question)

What do >C70 carbons make

Back (Answer)

Bitumen for roads and roofing

#12
Front (Question)

Describe fractional distillation

Back (Answer)

Hydrocarbons separates due to different boiling points Boiling point depends on C Chain length Cooler at top of column Higher boiling point chains evaporated at the bottom of the column

#13
Front (Question)

Define saturated hydrocarbons

Back (Answer)

Contains single bonds ONLY

#14
Front (Question)

Define unsaturated

Back (Answer)

Contains at least one C=C double bond

#15
Front (Question)

Define hydrocarbon

Back (Answer)

Contains hydrogen and carbon only

#16
Front (Question)

Why do we crack long chain alkanes?

Back (Answer)

Shorter chain alkanes are in higher demand

#17
Front (Question)

Give the conditions of thermal cracking

Back (Answer)

High temperature- 1000K High pressure- 7000kPa Free radical intermediates

#18
Front (Question)

What does thermal cracking produce

Back (Answer)

High percentage of alkenes and straight chain alkanes

#19
Front (Question)

Give the conditions of catalytic cracking

Back (Answer)

High temperature- 720K Moderate pressure - 100-500kPa Uses catalysts eg zeolite crystals Carbocations intermediates

#20
Front (Question)

What is catalytic cracking used to produce

Back (Answer)

Motor fuels Aromatic hydrocarbons Cycloalkanes

#21
Front (Question)

What are the products of the complete combustion of alkanes

Back (Answer)

H20 and CO2

#22
Front (Question)

Products of the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons

Back (Answer)

CO and water Or C and water

#23
Front (Question)

Why is a) carbon monoxide b) Carbon particulates c) CO2 a pollutant

Back (Answer)

a) It is poisonous b) exacerbates asthma c) green house gas

#24
Front (Question)

Why are Nitrogen oxides Sulphur dioxide Water vapour Pollutants?

Back (Answer)

NO and NO2 form nitric acid with water and cause acid rain SO2 forms H2SO4, causing acid rain Water vapour is a greenhouse gas