Chemistry IB SL Exam: Paper 1 and 2

In each series, the lines converge meaning higher levels/shells get closer together

Refers to when electrons are excited to a higher energy level, then return to a lower energy level, they release a photon of specific energy, as shown by a specific frequency of light

Nuclear power

Medical tracers

Radiotherapy

II and III

— reduces other species and, in the process, is itself oxidized — gives electrons to something

• – oxidizes other species and, in the process, is itself reduced • – takes electron away from something

— A purely formal concept that regards all compounds as ionic and assigns charges to the components accordingly — it provides a guide to the distribution of electrons

— A reaction that includes both oxidation and reduction — If something is oxidized and something is reduced in a reaction, it is a REDOX reaction

— gain of electron — Decrease in oxidation number

— loss of electrons --- increase in oxidation number

22.7 L/mol

The actual number of atoms of different elements covalently bonded in a molecule

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of different elements in a compound

Reagents that have a non-bonding pair of electrons; attracted to the C atom in the halogenoalkanes during substitution reactions

containing no C=C double bonds

containing at least one C=C double bond

horizontal row of elements in the Periodic table within a period the atoms of the elements have the same number of shells but with an increasing number of electrons in the outer shell

vertical column of elements in the Periodic table the atoms of the elements in the same group all have the same outer shell structure but an increasing number of inner shells.

Tetrahedral

accepts electrons and becomes reduced

donates electrons and becomes oxidised

the substance dissolved in a solvent forming a solution