AP Comp Sci Sem 1 Final
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Computer Science
the study of information and information processes
binary numbers
study it
list the binary numbers in order from least to greatest
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
What is the value of the binary number 1111 1111?
255; not 256
computing innovation
a novel or improved idea, device, product, or the development that includes a computer and/or program code as an integral part of its functionality
information
Details, Facts, Figures, Statistics… Sounds, Expressions, Smells… Text, Images, Video, Audio…
What is the big idea with binary numbers?
All digital information can be represented with just 0’s and 1’s
demo devices
A lot if information is shared between computers - images, videos, emails, passwords, etc. Instead of a new system for each piece of information, they can do so using a very basic system.
What number do computer scientists start counting at
0; not 1
Flippy Do
The paper device used for beginner computer scientists trying to learn binary
bit
A contraction of “Binary Digit”; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1
byte
8 bits
nibble
4 bits
decimal number
a base 10 number with ten possible different digits
How many numbers can be represented with two binary bits?
3 numbers; 01, 10, 11
representing decimals in binary
used with a decimal point; 1000.0110; exponents are negative; some numbers, like 0.39 can’t be represented
overflow error
Error from attempting to represent a number that is too large
Round-off Error
Error from attempting to represent a number that is too precise. The value is rounded
abstraction
text -> ASCII -> binary
ASCII
the most common character encoding format for text data in computers and on the internet
analog data
Data with values that change continuously, or smoothly, over time. Some examples of analog data include music, colors of a painting, or position of a sprinter during a race.
Digital Data
Data that changes discreetly through a finite set of possible values
sampling
A process for creating a digital representation of analog data by measuring the analog data at regular intervals called samples.
hexadecimal
Hexadecimal is a numbering system with base 16. It can be used to represent large numbers with fewer digits. In this system there are 16 symbols or possible digit values from 0 to 9, followed by six alphabetic characters – A, B, C, D, E and F