Chapter 11 and 10
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What is breathing?
Muscular mechanism transporting air containing oxygen from external atmosphere to lungs; air containing carbon dioxide from lungs to external atmosphere. Inhalation; exhalation Ventilation
What is gaseous exchange?
Process taking place between thin walls of alveoli and capillaries. Diffusion of oxygen from alveoli to blood capillaries Diffusion of carbon dioxide from blood capillaries to alveoli
What is respiration?
Occurs in cells Food molecules absorbed after digestion and are taken in and broken down. Energy is released for power, movement, growth and repair. Biochemical process: cells obtain, combine glucose and oxygen which equals carbon dioxide water and energy
What is the importance of breathing for cell respiration?
Breathing for respiration = energy released Breathing oxygen into lungs = oxygen into body cells Nutrition: after food digested, glucose also move to the body cells. In mitochondria glucose reacts with oxygen to produce ATP ( adenosine triphosphate) Energy stored cell as ATP: released for active transport, movement, maintenance of body temperature, nerve impulse transmissions Carbon dioxide water = waste products
What is the process of cellular respiration?
• Oxygen and glucose to cells • Breathe oxygen into body • Nutrition - food digested into glucose • Mitochondrion respiration produce ATP. ( energy stored; released from ATP)
Nasal cavity?
Clean, moistures, warms air breathed in
Pharynx?
Moisten, filters air before moves into trachea
Epiglottis?
Seal windpipe when you swallow
Larynx?
Organ produce sound
C-shaped cartilage rings?
Holds trachea open to prevent collapsing
Trachea?
Deliver air from mouth to bronchi. Connects larynx to bronchi
O-shaped cartilage rings?
Holds bronchus open to prevent collapsing
Bronchus?
Split air between lungs. Conducts air from trachea to lungs.
Bronchiole?
Branch off bronchi into lungs. Transport air to alveoli.
Alveoli?
Allow oxygen to pass to bloodstream; carbon dioxide to pass from bloodstream to alveoli and exit the body.
Pleural membranes?
Reduce friction in lungs by lining chest cavity Creates fluids (pleural fluids) surrounding lungs
Diaphragm?
Assist breathing by contracting and relaxing
Internal and external intercostal muscles?
Aid in breathing by elevating ribs, expanding the thoracic cavity
Ribs?
Strong framework protects and encloses heart and lungs
What is the importance of breathing?
Supply body with bodies/organs with oxygen Get rid of waste products
What phase of breathing is inhalation?
Active
What happens to your diaphragm when you inhale?
• diaphragm contracts, less dome shaped, flattens; move down
What happens to your abdominal muscles when you inhale?
Relax to accommodate intestines
What happens to your external intercostal muscles when you inhale?
Contract