Mangrove Forests
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Ecological Features
Tropical Climate halophytes - plants adapted to high salinity low oxygen availability
Importance
timber supplies food source coastal erosion and flooding protection spawning ground and nursery for young tropical fish
Threats
coastal development aquaculture - fish farming deforestation: timber/industry pollution climate change
Conservation
designations reforestation community projects - educating children
Conservation case study: Sindh Province, Pakistan
over 86% of mangrove cover lost acts as a natural defence for local communities threatened by storms, water pollution, deforestation for firewood, HEP more than 80000 hectares have been reforested funded by carbon credit sales - $100 million
IUCN, location, threats Conservation Case Study: Dugong
IUCN = vulnerable East Africa only fully marine mammal habitat loss and degradation due to pollution, trawling and hunting
IUCN. location, threats Conservation Case Study: Sambar Deer
IUCN = vulnerable South Asia antlers are used for medicine killed for meat