1. Atomic Structure
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
What happened in 1662 to support the development of the atom?
Robert Boyle proposed that some substances could not be made simpler
What happened in 1803 to support the development of the atom?
John Dalton suggested elements were composed of atoms that could not be broken down
What happened in 1896 to support the development of the atom?
Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity - showing particles could come from inside the atom
What happened in 1911 to support the development of the atom?
Ernest Rutherford found that most of the mass and charge of the atom is concentrated in a tiny central nucleus
What is the relative mass of an electron?
1/1840
What are protons and neutrons held in the centre of atoms by?
The strong nuclear force
What does the strong nuclear force, holding together the protons and neutrons, overcome?
Electrostatic forces of attraction that hold electrons and protons together in the atom
What letter is sometimes used to represent the mass number?
A
What letter is sometimes used to represent the atomic number?
Z
What is the mass number?
The total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in the nucleus
What is the atomic number also called?
The proton number
What determines the chemical properties of an element?
The number of electrons in the outer shell
How many electrons does the first shell hold?
2
How many electrons does the second shell hold?
8
How many electrons does the third shell hold?
18
How many electrons does the fourth shell hold?
32
What expression shows the number of electrons in each shell? (where n is the number of the shell)
2n²
What will change for isotopes of the same element, in terms of chemical and physical properties?
Chemical properties will stay the same with each isotope, but physical properties will change due to the change in mass
How can relative atomic mass be worked out?
Average mass of one atom ÷ 1/12 mass of 1 atom of C-12
How can relative molecular mass be worked out?
Average mass of one molecule ÷ 1/12 mass of one atom of C-12
What is Mr?
Relative molecular mass
What is Ar?
Relative atomic mass
What does the mass spectrometer do?
Determines the relative isotopic mass and relative abundance for each isotope