Structural Layers
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Geologists also divide Earth into five functional layers based on their _______ properties.
physical
Geologists also divide Earth into six functional layers based on their physical properties. True or False?
False
What does the physical properties include?
temperature, pressure, strength, and liability to flow
What are the layers of the Earth?
the lithosphere, asthenosphere, lower mantle, outer core, and inner core.
The “rock sphere” we call the _________ is a shell of cool, rigid rock.
lithosphere
The lithosphere includes what?
the crust and some of the upper portion of Earth’s mantle.
Pieces of lithosphere are carried along on the flowing asthenosphere like rafts on a slowly flowing ocean. True or False?
True
How thick is the lithosphere
100 km
The lithosphere is continuous like Earth’s other layers. True or False?
False
What are the pieces of lithosphere called?
Tectonic plates
The asthenosphere lies over the lithosphere. True or False?
False
The asthenosphere is hard as a rock. True or False?
False, it is flowy and soft
The lower mantle sits between the asthenosphere and the outer core. True or False?
True
Is the lower mantle like the asthenosphere? Like a flowy liquid?
No
The outer core is a shell of hot, solid metal—mostly iron with some nickel. True or False?
False, liquid
This “geomagnetic” field is essential to life because it shields Earth from the _________— the stream of harmful high-energy particles emanating from the Sun.
Solar wind
What is the estimated temperature of the inner core?
7000°C
With such a high temperature, how does the inner core remain solid?
The answer is that intense pressure from the weight of the overlying rock keeps the inner core from melting.
_________ in the inner core packs the atoms so tightly that they cannot flow as they do in a liquid state.
Pressure
What keeps the inner core solid?
Pressure
The outer core creates Earth’s _____ field.
magnetic
The inner core is a solid sphere of hot metal. It is mostly _____, like the outer core
iron