A - Chapter I: INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

– seeks to understand the physiologic and biochemical processes occurring in normal and abnormal states

Back (Answer)

Fundamental science

Front (Question)

– analyses performed on body fluids or tissues to provide important information for the diagnosis and treatment of disease

Back (Answer)

Applied science

Front (Question)

LABORATORY REAGENTS: A. CHEMICALS

Back (Answer)

Analytical grade/Reagent grade chemicals United States of Pharmacopoeia and National Formulary Chemically pure/Pure grade chemicals Technical/Commercial grade

Front (Question)

LABORATORY REAGENTS: B. STANDARDS

Back (Answer)

Primary Standards Secondary Standards Standard Reference Materials

Front (Question)

• meet specifications set by the American Chemical Society

Back (Answer)

Analytical Grade

Front (Question)

• of high purity and is suitable for most analytical laboratory procedures

Back (Answer)

Analytical Grade: Ultra-Pure Reagents

Front (Question)

• Includes spectograde, nanograde and HPLC

Back (Answer)

Analytical Grade

Front (Question)

-used to manufacture drugs

Back (Answer)

United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and National Formulary (NF)

Front (Question)

• Less pure grade

Back (Answer)

Chemically pure (CP) / Pure Grade Chemicals

#10

Front (Question)

• Impurity limitations and chemical preparation are not uniform

Back (Answer)

Chemically pure (CP) / Pure Grade Chemicals

#11

Front (Question)

• lowest quality and should not be used for analytical work

Back (Answer)

Technical or Commercial grade

#12

Front (Question)

• highly purified chemicals that can be measured directly to produce a substance of exact known concentration.

Back (Answer)

Primary Standard (PS)

#13

Front (Question)

• used for standardization of solutions of unknown strength

Back (Answer)

Primary Standard (PS)

#14

Front (Question)

• stable and can be dried, preferably at 104 - 110 ̊C, without a change in composition

Back (Answer)

Primary Standard (PS)

#15

Front (Question)

• not hygroscopic

Back (Answer)

Primary Standard (PS)

#16

Front (Question)

• of lower purity with concentration determined by comparison with a primary standard

Back (Answer)

Secondary Standard

#17

Front (Question)

• certified by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS)

Back (Answer)

Standard Reference Materials (SRM)

#18

Front (Question)

• Types of Reagent Grade Water:

Back (Answer)

Distilled water Deionized water

#19

Front (Question)

Type I Resistivity (megaohm/cm (@ 25OC) Silicate (mg/L, as SiO2) pH Microbiologic content (CFU/mL)

Back (Answer)

10 2.0 0.1

#20

Front (Question)

Type II Resistivity (megaohm/cm (@ 25OC) Silicate (mg/L, as SiO2) pH Microbiologic content (CFU/mL)

Back (Answer)

0.05 0.1 1.0

#21

Front (Question)

Type III Resistivity (megaohm/cm (@ 25OC) Silicate (mg/L, as SiO2) pH Microbiologic content (CFU/mL)

Back (Answer)

NS NS 5 - 8 <10 103 NS

#22

Front (Question)

➢ Used in test methods requiring minimum interference and maximum precision and accuracy

Back (Answer)

Type I

#23

Front (Question)

➢ acceptable for most analytic procedures

Back (Answer)

Type II

#24

Front (Question)

 trace metal , iron and enzyme analyses, electrolyte measurements

Back (Answer)

Type I