Atoms, Ions and Compounds (2)

positive

negative

positive ion - lost electrons

negative ion - gained electrons

used to find % abundance of isotopes in a compound

relative mass of an ion/ relative charge of an ion

(% multiplied by m/z ) divided by 100

( unrounded number multiplied by m/z ) divided by m/z values added.

OH -

NO3 -

CO3 2-

SO4 2-

PO4 3-

NH4 +

Vapourisation - sample is injected and vapourised into gas

Ionisation - The spectrometer has an electron gun that has a potential difference between 2 plates and electrons move from the cathode to the anode. As gas moves past the gun, some of these electrons knock an electron of it’s outer shell. This means it’s ionised.

Electrostatic acceleration - The positive ions are accelerated towards a negative plate and this helps focus fragments as beam

Magnetic deflection - the different mass and charge of the fragments are now sorted by a magnetic field. Those with a greater mass will be deflected less, those with a greater charge will be deflected more

Detection - The fragments are now detected and accept electrons, one positive charge will accept one electron. This will set up a current as the detector is giving electrons