Module 4 Sports Biomechanics
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Biomechanics can be defined as a study of biological systems using mechanics. In applying Biomechanis to sports, what are the benefits for coaches? G.E.M.I.E
• Eliminate guessing • Understand effect of training • Match athlete to sport • Reduce the risk of injury • Assess efficacy of sport equipment
The following is an example of which Newton’s law of motion? If one drove a car directly into a brick wall, the car would stop because the force exerted upon it by the wall. However, the driver requires a force to stop his body from moving such as a seat belt, otherwise the law of _____ will cause his body to continue moving at the original speed until his body is acted upon by some force
Law of Inertia
F= ma, What does this mean when you replaced a smaller table tennis ball with a bigger ball?
Force is defined as an accelerating mass. If you use the SAME force to push a 40mm table tennis ball and push a 38mm table tennis ball, the smaller ball will have MORE acceleration than the bigger ball because the ball has LESS mass. (after 2000 Olympics in Sydney, ITTF replaced to a bigger ball 40mm in October 2000) Maybe it was just too fast with the smaller ball.
Firing a gun/ Hammering a nail/ Tennis ball dropped from a height/Launching a rocket, they are all examples of the Law of _______________ a) Interaction b) Acceleration c) Inertia
A) Interaction
What is the Displacement and Distance when a taxi travelled from Jurong to Changi via AYE and ECP?
Distance would be about 36.3km. But Displacement is the distance travelled in specific direction (vector); it is only 27.8km only (in a straight line or air distance)
When can Displacement be equal to zero?
When you end at the same point where you started! E.g closed loop
What are the units for displacement?
The international system of units (SI) is the meter (m)
What is Gravity?
Gravity is acceleration force at 9.81m/square second
If an object is projected into the air, it moves in a parabolic shape due to gravity exerted on it. Factors affecting the flight path of a Projectile are ___________ A.S.H + GAS (not covered by BSS)
• Angle of Release • Speed of Release • Height of Release • Gravity • Air Resistance • Spin
What would happen if the angle of release were too high such as shooting a basketball? a) Good distance b) Poor distance ( Think Projectile motion)
B) Poor distance
What would happen if the angle of release were very low in a tennis game? a) Poor distance b) Poor flight time and poor distance possibly c) Good
B) Poor flight time
In Projectile motion, the greater the height of release the greater the distance gained. (given the speed and angle of release remain the same) Will a golfer hitting a ball off the top of a hill cover a further or shorter distance than a golfer at the bottom of the hill?
Further
Define Angular motion
Movement about an axis through a radius
A figure skater doing a double axle or a swing of a baseball bat/ a gymnast going around the high bar, are all example of Linear motion OR Angular motion
Angular motion
How do coaches perform observation and analysis?
Preparation: Identify Objectives and phases of skill, critical element of each phase, write observation plan. Observation strategies: Visual means, External marks, sound contacts
What is Notational Analysis in sport performance?
The study of strategies or tactics use in team, dual or individual sports from viewing video recordings of a competitive match and documenting it in a quick and yet detailed fashion so that information derived, strategies or counter strategies can be developed for subsequent matches.
Is Acceleration directly proportional to mass or inversely in Newton’s second law ?
If thenet forceon an object is not zero, the object will accelerate. … The magnitude of theaccelerationisdirectly proportionalto thenet forceapplied, andinversely proportionalto themassof the object.
How should you launch a golf ball to achieve the greatest distance?
A projectile, in other words, travels the farthest when it is launched at anangleof45 degrees
What is the formula for acceleration?
Change is Displacement divided by change in time
What’s the SI unit of acceleration?
SI unit ofaccelerationis the meter per second squared
What is meant by field of view?
It is the open observable area a person can see through his/her eyes or via an optical device.