C12- Using resources ♻️
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What are examples of how humans use resources ?
• humans use resources to: • provide warmth • provide shelter • provide food • and, provide transport
What’s an example of a natural resource, that is supplemented by agricultural products ?
• in agriculture, cotton is produced from cotton plants; modern agriculture allows us to grow enough cotton, to meet the needs of the world
What’s an example of a natural resource, that is supplemented by synthetic products ?
• natural rubber comes from the sap of a tree; synthetic rubber can be produced using crude oil
What is a finite resource ?
• a finite resource, is a resource that cannot be replenished at the rate which it is used because, it will eventually run out
What are finite resources from the Earth, oceans and atmosphere used for ?
• finite resources from the Earth, oceans and atmosphere can be processed to produce energy and materials
Why are metals a finite resource ?
• metals are a finite resource because, huge amounts of metal is extracted from the Earth’s crust, which means if metals are contuined to be used at this rate, they will then run out
[Easy] What is a renewable resource ?
• a renewable resource, is a resource that can be replenished at the rate which it is used because it will never run out
What does ‘sustainable development’ mean ?
• sustainable development, is development that meets the needs of future generations, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Name three examples, of how chemistry plays a role in how we use resources ?
• artificial fertilisers allow us to grow more food with the land available • chemistry allows us to provide water that is safe to drink • and, processes such as phytomining and bio leaching help us to extract metals more efficiently
What type of water can humans drink ?
• humans can only drink water that has sufficiently low levels of dissolved salts [e.g- sodium chloride] • and, humans can only drink water that dosen’t have high levels of microbes [e.g- bacteria]
What is potable water ?
• potable water, is water that is safe to drink
What is the difference between pure 🆚 potable water ?
• pure water, is water that contains no dissolved substances at all • ; potable water, is water that is safe to drink [and contains dissolved substances, in small amounts]
Why does rain water provide most of our potable water in the UK ?
• because rain water contains low levels of dissolved substances [freshwater]
Where does freshwater collect ?
• freshwater collects in the ground, in aquifers [which is known as groundwater] • and, rainwater also collects in: lakes, rivers and reservoirs
How is potable water produced ?
• an appropriate source of water is chosen [e.g- freshwater from rivers] • the appropriate source of water is then passed through filter beds, to remove materials [such as leaves and suspended particles] • the appropriate source of water is then sterilised, to remove microbes [by using chlorine, ozone or ultraviolet light]
How is water sterilised in the UK ?
• in the UK, water is sterilised by using chlorine
Name two ways that saltwater can be treated
• desalination, by using distillation • and, desalination by using reverse osmosis [when water is passed through membranes]
Why might desalination be used ?
• desalination is used in countries where supplies of freshwater are limited [because the only available water may be too salty]
How does desalination produce potable water ? Hint: minerals
• desalination reduces the levels of dissolved minerals, to an acceptable level for potable water
Describe the process of reverse osmosis
• water is put under high pressure and passed through a membrane which has tiny pores [holes] in it. • these pores allow water molecules through, but prevent most ions and molecules from passing through.
What is a disadvantage of desalination ?
• desalination is very expensive because, it requires large amounts of energy