Good nutrition for health
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Diseases diet can influence
• Coronary heart disease (CHD) • Cancer • Hypertension • diabetes mellitus • Obesity • dental caries • osteoporosis
Obesity (basin definition)
BMI over 30
Pre-obese
25-29.9 (increased)
Obese class 1
30.0-34.9 (Moderate)
Obese class 2
35.0-39.9 (severe)
Obese class 3
over 40 (very severe)
Causes of obesity
• Genetics - Lifestyle
How does lifestyle affect obesity
• societal change - Food intake (portion size increase), activity change, out of home eating • Demographic alteration - transport, prep time, social interactions
Obesity therapy options
• Diet and lifestyle • Cognitive behavioural therapy • Drugs • Surgery
CVDs - types
• Coronary heart disease (CHD) • Stroke • Peripheral vascular disease
Coronary heart disease (CHD)
• Stable and unstable angina • Acute myocardial infraction • Sudden death
Stroke
Sudden localised loss of brain function due to ischemia or haemorrhage, and lasting longer than 24h
Peripheral vascular disease
Disease of the aorta, iliac and leg arteries - Often linked with CVD
Pro-atherogenic
• Cholestral • Saturated fat • Sodium • Alcohol
Anti-atherogenic
• PUFA • CHO-rich diet • Fibre • MUFA • Antioxidant
What is cancer
Uncontrolled cellular growth
Biggest causes of death in developed world
• CVD biggest - Second is cancer
What is the main cause of the increase in cancer cases
Increase in number of old people
How do food and nutrients affect cancer
• Foods may contain carcinogens • Nutrients may affect the formation, transport and deactivation of carcinogens • Nutrients may affect the body’s resistance to carcinogens