PICLEC: GROUP VIIIA & VIIIB
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This group is known as ‘The Noble gas’ - Inert gas/elements - Chemically inert/stable/unreactive - Monoatomic gases + all except Radon(Rn) occur in atmosphere
GROUP VIIIA - THE NEON GROUP
GROUP VIIIA - THE NEON GROUP - Produced during natural decay of radium
RADON
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - “Sun”
HELIUM
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - “Sun” - Mixed with Anesthetic gases - Natural air = 20% Oxygen, 79% Nitrogen - Artificial air = 20% Oxygen, 80% Helium
HELIUM (TIP: Helium & Artificial = Hartificial)
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - “New”
NEON
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - “New” - Used in signs due to bright reddish-orange light
NEON
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - “Lazy”
ARGON
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - “Lazy” - Used to displace oxygen and moisture-containing air in packaging material to extend the shelf- lives of the contents
ARGON
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - “Hidden”
KRYPTON
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - “Hidden” - Used in some photographic flashes for high-speed photography
KRYPTON (TIP: dapat hidden siya since ito yung weakness ni Superman)
GROUP VIIIA - NEON - Anticancer (Anti-neoplastic) medications
RADON
GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element’s name Came from the Greek word ‘Kupfernickle’ = “Satan or devil’s copper”
NICKLE
GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - It is used extensively in the form of Alloys for utensils, coins, and surgical instruments
NICKLE
GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - It is made up of Nickel (Ni) + Copper (Cu) + Zinc (Zn)
GERMAN SILVER
GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element is Used as Adsorbent (dumidikit) for hydrogen in gas analysis - Alloys with gold = Jewelry, dental practice, coating reflectors
PALLADIUM
GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element’s Synonyms are: 1. Spanish name ‘Platina’ = “Silver”
PLATINUM
GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element’s Properties are: 1. Resistant to corrosion 2. Dissolves in Aqua regia 3. More expensive jewelry than Gold
PLATINUM
GROUP VIIIB - ELEMENTS - This element is Used in the preparations of Crucibles, Dishes, and wires
PLATINUM
GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM - Finely divided form - A powerful catalyst (catalyst=speeds up reaction)
PLATINUM BLACK
GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS (TIP: They all have ‘platin’)
• CISPLATIN • CARBOPLATIN • OXALIPLATIN • SATRAPLATIN
GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS: - Anticancer agent - Binds to DNA and causes cross-linking, which triggers the programmed cell death(Apoptosis) - Discovered by Rosenberg in 1965 serendipitously (accidental)
CISPLATIN
GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS: - Its Side effects are: 1. Nausea and Vomitting 2. Nephrotoxicity - Kidney poisoning In Dose-limiting: 3. Ototoxicity - Loss of high-frequency hearing 4. Peripheral neuropathy (neuro=nerves, pathy=pain/damage) - Damage to nerves of the peripheral nervous system 5. Myelosuppression - Bone marrow (home of WBC) suppression, Reduces the patient’s WBC count and makes them susceptible to Infections.
CISPLATIN
GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS: - 2nd Generation Pt-based Anticancer drug - Less reactive and has less Nephrotoxic and Ototoxic - More Myelosuppressive (lesser dose, less reaction and less toxic)
CARBOPLATIN
GROUP VIIIB - PLATINUM ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS: - 3rd Generation Pt+based Anticancer drug - Most effective combination with 1. 5-Fluorouracil and Leucoyorin in the Treatment of metastatic (cncer has metastasized) carcinomas of the Colo/Rectum
OXALIPLATIN